Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Definition:

Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) is a degenerative disease of the connective tissue in the skin. It usually occurs on the lower part of the legs. It is frequently associated with patients with diabetes mellitus but it is a rare complication. It may start as small red spots or raised areas, which develop a shiny, porcelain-like appearance.

It is characterized by the development of erythematous papules or nodules in the pretibial area. The plaques often turn a light color due to extra cellular fat (the "lipoidica"). They are often itchy or painful. Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is a rash, which is more common in women. A skin condition Lesions can be small or extend over a large area.

Causes of Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum:-

Causes of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum are :-

• The main cause of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is diabitic microangiopathy.
• The deposition of immunoglobulins and fibrinogen in the blood vessel walls are also the main cause of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.
• Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, may be caused by trauma, inflammatory and metabolic changes.
• A deposition of glycoprotein in blood vessel walls may be the cause of diabetic microangiopathy, which in turn lead to necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.

Symptoms of Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum:

The possible symptoms of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum includes:-

• The primary symptom is the occurrence of rashes on the leg.
• The centre of the rash will usually be yellow.
• The skin lesions are common during necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.
• The plaque, that formed during this disease occur with raised irregular border in the initial stage and laterally, become yellow brown waxy area.
• They may be distributed over hands, forearms, face and scalp.
• The lesions may ulcerate with the risk of infection.
• There may be burning and painful sensation over the affected area of the skin.

Treatments of Necrobiosis Lipoidica Diabeticorum:

The effective treatments of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum are :-

• The topical cortisone injections into the lesion are found very effective in the treatment of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.
• Creams, dressings or injections of steroids into the patches may be tried and can help in some cases.
• The skin grafting is also useful in some cases.
• The cortisone creams, can be apply over the affected area of the skin.
• It can be treated by applying ultraviolet light therapy, when it is flaring.
• Some medications such as aspirin, fibrinolytic agents, nicotinamide, pentoxifylline, heparin, antiplatelet agents, ticlopidine, tretinoin, and cyclosporine are also very helpful in the treatment of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum.

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